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Counterfeit Goods - Counterfeit Fashion : Fashion Terms of Interest to the Fashion Industry |
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According to Wikipedia, a counterfeit is an imitation, usually one that is made with the intent of fraudulently being passed off as genuine. Counterfeit products are often produced with the intent to take advantage of the established worth of the imitated product. The word counterfeit frequently describes both the forgeries of currency and documents, as well as the imitations of clothing and accessories, software, and other brands. In the case of goods, it results in patent infringement or trademark infringement. The counterfeiting of money is usually attacked aggressively by governments. The counterfeiting of goods is countenanced by some governments.
The spread of
counterfeit goods (commonly called
"knockoffs") has become global in recent
years and the range of goods subject to
infringement has increased
significantly.
Apparel
and
accessories accounted for over 50
percent of the counterfeit goods seized
by U.S
Customs and Border Control.
According to the study of Counterfeiting
Intelligence Bureau (CIB) of the
International Chamber of Commerce (ICC),
counterfeit goods make up 5 to 7 percent
of world trade, however these figures
cannot be substantiated due to the
secretive nature of the industry.
Some see the rise in
counterfeiting of goods as being
related to globalization. As more and
more companies, in an effort to increase
profits,
move manufacturing to cheaper labor
markets, areas with weaker labor
laws or environmental regulations, they
give the means of production to foreign
workers. These new managers of
production have little or no loyalty to
the original corporation. They see that
profits are being made by the global
brand for doing little (other than
advertising) and see the possibilities
of removing the middle men (i.e. the
parent corporation) and marketing
directly to the consumer.
Certain
consumer goods, especially very
expensive or desirable brands such as
Coach,
Gucci, and
Louis Vuitton, or those that are
easy to reproduce cheaply, have become
frequent and common targets of
counterfeiting. The counterfeiters
either attempt to deceive the consumer
into thinking they are purchasing a
legitimate item, or convince the
consumer that they could deceive others
with the imitation.
Most counterfeit goods are produced in
China, making it the counterfeit
capital of the world. In fact, the
counterfeiting industry accounts for 8%
of China's GDP.
Joining China are North Korea and
Taiwan. Some counterfeits are produced
in the same factory that produces the
original, authentic product, using the
same materials. The factory owner,
unbeknownst to the trademark owner,
orders an intentional 'overrun'. Without
the employment of anti-counterfeiting
measures, identical manufacturing
methods and
materials make this type of
counterfeiting impossible to distinguish
from the authentic article. Such
counterfeit articles will thoroughly
deceive even the informed consumer, but
harm primarily the trademark owner
(although the consumer's warranty, if
such is provided, may be invalid).
A federal crackdown on counterfeit
imports
is driving an increase in domestic
output of
fake merchandise, according to
investigators and industry executives.
Raids carried out in New York City
resulted in the seizure of an estimated
$200 million in counterfeit apparel,
bearing the logos of brands such as "The
North Face", "Polo", "Lacoste",
"Rocawear", "Seven for all Mankind" and
"Fubu". One of the largest seizures was
a joint operation in
Arizona,
Texas, and
California that seized 77 containers
of fake "Nike
Air Jordan" shoes and a container of
"Abercrombie
& Fitch" clothing, valued at $69.5
million. Another current method of
attacking counterfeits is at the retail
level. Fendi sued the "Sam's Club"
division of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. for
selling fake "Fendi"
bags and leather goods. Sam's Club
agreed to pay Fendi a confidential
amount to settle the dispute and dismiss
the action.
Tiffany & Co. sued online auction
site
eBay for allowing the sale of
counterfeit items and
Gucci
filed suit against 30 websites in the
United States and is currently in the
process of suing one hundred more.
A number of companies involved in the
development of anti-counterfeiting and
brand protection solutions have come
together to form special industry-wide
and global organizations dedicated to
combating the so-called "brand pirates."
These are the International
Authentication Association and the
International Hologram Manufacturers
Association. To try to avoid this,
companies may have the various parts of
an item manufactured in independent
factories
and then limit the supply of certain
distinguishing parts to the factory that
performs the final assembly to the exact
number required for the number of items
to be assembled (or as near to that
number as is practicable) and/or may
require the factory to account for every
part used and to return any unused,
faulty or damaged parts. To help
distinguish the originals from the
counterfeits, the copyright holder may
also employ the use of serial numbers
and/or
holograms etc, which may be attached
to the product in another factory still.
Of course, Apparel Search is against
counterfeit goods. Don't buy a
knockoff.
This
counterfeit goods
terms was written by Regina Cooper for Apparel Search
August 2010 Return to the Apparel Search main page. Fashion Terms: |
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